無知な者が政治的活動することは悲劇である。そんな悲劇を良く見かける。だが通常、政治的活動をする人物はその裏に理由があり、ロジックや知識と勇気がある。また世界を住み良くしようとする世界愛に満ちている。グローバルに活躍する、あるいはできるアーテストは世界の「心の灯台」になることを期待されている。それは無名な政治家よりも世界にあたえる影響力があるという現実があるからであろう。政治的になることは売れっ子のアーティストにとってビジネスに大きなマイナスであることは、この記事からもはっきり見てとれる。とくにイスラエルとパレスチニアの紛争は歴史が長く、複雑であり、双方の不信感は絶大なため、まったく解決の糸口さえ見つからない状態。その不信感とはどんなものか。たとえば故PLO議長、アラハト（Yasser Arafat）はその紛争の解決のための柔軟な姿勢や和平協定交渉努力が認められてノーベル平和賞を受賞した。だが、それはたんなる表向きの飾りに過ぎなかったことがのちに暴露されることになる。議会制民主主義のイスラエルとイスラム教のパレスチニアどっちにつくかで意見がはっきり別れる。それは様々な国の様々なレベルの人々に問題が波及することが、この記事の中にある。ただ一つはっきり言えることは、そうしたビジネスにマイナスになっても、敢えてアーテストたちは政治的になる。つまり、どちらかの側を取る。そのアーテストにとってお金を稼ぐよりも、もっと大切なものがあるということを示しているのである。
*****
Ella Marija Lani Yelich-O'Connor (born 7 November 1996), known professionally as Lorde is a New Zealand singer, songwriter, and record producer, I copied and pasted here from Wikipedia.
In December 2017, Lorde cancelled her scheduled June concert in Israel following an online campaign by Palestinian solidarity activists supporting the Boycott, Divestment and Sanctions campaign. This online campaign included an open letter published on The Spinoff online magazine by both the Jewish New Zealander activist Justine Sachs and the Palestinian New Zealander activist Nadia Abu-Shanab urging Lorde to cancel her Israel tour, citing "Israeli government's policies of oppression, ethnic cleansing, human rights violations, occupation and apartheid." Lorde also issued a statement on Twitter thanking her fans for educating her about Israel-Palestine, and saying "I'm not too proud to admit I didn't make the right call [by booking this tour]."
Lorde's cancellation of her Israeli tour was welcomed by Palestinian activists and supporters including the Palestinian Campaign for the Academic and Cultural Boycott of Israel and the New Zealand Jewish pro-boycott group Dayenu; of which Sachs was a founding member. By contrast, Lorde's actions were criticised by pro-Israel groups and supporters including Shalom.Kiwi and the actress Roseanne Barr. The Israeli Culture and Sports Minister Miri Regev and the Israeli Ambassador to New Zealand Itzhak Gerbeg also issued statements urging Lorde to reconsider her cancellation; with the latter inviting Lorde to meet him. American rabbi Shmuley Boteach paid for a full-page advertisement in the Washington Post, with the headline "Lorde and New Zealand ignore Syria to attack Israel", and called her a "bigot", noting that she will be touring Russia despite Putin's support for the Syrian regime.
In response to Boteach's poster, one hundred actors, writers, directors, and musicians including Roger Waters, John Cusack, Angela Davis, Mark Ruffalo, and Viggo Mortensen issued a joint letter on The Guardian defending Lorde's stand. On 31 January 2018, three Israeli teenagers sued the activists that wrote the open letter for "emotional damage" resulting from the concert's cancellation.
Lorde was scheduled to perform in Miami and Tampa Bay in April 2018. Based on anti-BDS legislation in Florida which bars companies that receive state funds from doing business over $1 million with organizations associated with BDS, Floridian law maker Randy Fine called for the cancellation of Lorde's upcoming April 2018 concerts in Florida saying that "When Lorde joined the boycott in December, she and her companies became subject to that statute. The taxpayers of Miami and Tampa should not have to facilitate bigotry and anti-Semitism, and I look forward to the Miami Sports and Exhibition Authority and the Tampa Sports Authority complying with the law and canceling these concerts."
In 1986, at the age of fifty-eight, Romanian-born Jewish-American writer and political activist Elie Wiesel (September 30, 1928–July 2, 2016) was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. The Nobel committee called him a “messenger to mankind.” Wiesel lived up to that moniker with exquisite eloquence on December 10 that year ― exactly ninety years after Alfred Nobel died ― as he took the stage at Norway’s Oslo City Hall and delivered a spectacular speech on justice, oppression, and our individual responsibility in our shared freedom. The address was eventually included in Elie Wiesel: Messenger for Peace (public library).
“I remember: it happened yesterday or eternities ago. A young Jewish boy discovered the kingdom of night. I remember his bewilderment, I remember his anguish. It all happened so fast. The ghetto. The deportation. The sealed cattle car. The fiery altar upon which the history of our people and the future of mankind were meant to be sacrificed.
I remember: he asked his father: “Can this be true?” This is the twentieth century, not the Middle Ages. Who would allow such crimes to be committed? How could the world remain silent?
And now the boy is turning to me: “Tell me,” he asks. “What have you done with my future? What have you done with your life?”
And I tell him that I have tried. That I have tried to keep memory alive, that I have tried to fight those who would forget. Because if we forget, we are guilty, we are accomplices.
And then I explained to him how naïve we were, that the world did know and remained silent. And that is why I swore never to be silent whenever and wherever human beings endure suffering and humiliation. We must always take sides. Neutrality helps the oppressor, never the victim. Silence encourages the tormentor, never the tormented. Sometimes we must interfere. When human lives are endangered, when human dignity is in jeopardy, national borders and sensitivities become irrelevant. Wherever men or women are persecuted because of their race, religion, or political views, that place must ― at that moment ― become the center of the universe.”
Japan
'It's exhilarating': Japan's female sumo wrestlers take on sexism
Amateur wrestlers hope ban on women in the professional arena will one day be overturned
Justin McCurry in Gifu Mon 18 Jun 2018 20.04 EDT Last modified on Mon 18 Jun 2018 23.51 EDT
Eight of the current nine members of the Asahi University women sumo team pose for a group photo by the Dohyo Photograph: Laura Liverani for the Guardian
It isn’t hard to see why Chisaki Okumura is one of Japan’s best female sumo wrestlers. Combining her considerable height and heft with flashes of speed, her practice bouts end with a succession of opponents thrown to the ground or shoved unceremoniously out of the ring.
On a humid, wet afternoon in central Japan, Okumura draws on her reserves of strength for a final, punishing series of drills with a male opponent. By the end, it is hard to tell who is more exhausted.
For more than two hours every weekday afternoon, the 17 men and nine women of Asahi University’s sumo club stretch, warm up and perform drills together, although for safety reasons they conduct full-on bouts separately.
Training is centered on two dohyo – a dirt-covered 4.55m diameter circle marked out with half-buried rice-straw bales - which are among the few places where female sumo wrestlers are defying the centuries-old sport’s uneasy relationship with gender.
Pic=A female and a male member of the Asahi University sumo team practice against each other during their daily training. Photograph: Laura Liverani for the
As amateurs, the women athletes at Asahi and other universities are not bound by the ancient traditions governing professional sumo - in which only men can compete. But that might not be the case for much longer.
Many hope the ban on women joining the professional sumo ranks will one day be overturned, proving that deep-seated misogyny has no place in a sport striving to be accepted as an Olympic event.
In April, not long after professional sumo was rocked again by allegations of bullying and violence, an incident at an exhibition tournament in Maizuru, near Kyoto, triggered a new campaign to rid Japan’s de facto national sport of its sexist traditions.
The row was triggered by after several women, including at least one nurse, rushed on to the ring to administer first aid to the local mayor, who had collapsed after suffering a stroke. Using the public address system, the referee repeatedly ordered them to leave the ring, but the women refused.
Officials sprinkled “purifying” salt on the wrestling surface after they had left. Sumo officials later denied that this had been done because of the women’s presence in the ring. Salt is customarily scattered on the ring before bouts and after a wrestler has been injured.
The impromptu first responders had fallen foul of an ancient rule banning women from entering, or even touching, the dohyo.
The rule has prevented local female politicians from presenting awards inside the ring.
The Maizuru incident not only embarrassed sumo but was also seen as a metaphor for the treatment of women in Japan, which performs poorly in global tables of gender equality and female political representation.
1-2
Tomoko Nakagawa, the mayor of Takarazuka in western Japan, has unsuccessfully petitioned the Japan sumo association to lift the ban. “I can’t understand why it is only the sumo world that refuses to change or is even going backwards,” she told Agence France-Presse.
The sport’s struggle with sexism is equally baffling to Okumura, who has been wrestling since she was at middle school.
“Sumo shouldn’t be thought of as a sport for men and women, it’s for everyone,” says Okumura, runner-up in last month’s international women’s sumo invitational championships in the 64-80kg category.
“I definitely benefit from being able to train with the men, and I don’t get the impression that they’re looking down on me and the other women. If I were allowed to compete against them in a proper bout I think I could hold my own.”
The Asahi club was formed eight years ago and is now one of about half a dozen women’s sumo clubs at Japanese universities. The female members use the same number of kimarite – or winning moves – as the men, but wear their mawashi belts over shorts and T-shirts.
“There are some people who still struggle to accept the idea of women’s sumo, but I’ve never thought it was at all unusual,” says Shigeto Takahashi, the club’s manager, who has been coaching female wrestlers for 35 years. “The only real difference is that the women have to be a little more careful about injuring their shoulders, but they’re not allowed to wear any padding.”
Kaori Matsui, an associate professor in the university’s department of health and sports sciences, and the club’s deputy manager, said it was natural for women to compete in sumo, having already broken down barriers in other contact sports such as wrestling and judo.
Pic=Two members of the Asahi University women sumo team go through their routine training, practicing Shiko, or foot stomping. Photograph: Laura Liverani
The number of new women taking up amateur sumo is static, however, a problem she blames on the dearth of female coaches to offer guidance to girls and young women.
“Some people I meet are amazed that there is even an international women’s sumo scene,” she says. “There needs to be a more coordinated approach to promoting the brilliance of women’s sumo. When you watch it close up, it’s exhilarating.”
While weary wrestlers gulp down cups of cold tea from a copper kettle, Minayo Nishimoto shows few signs of fatigue - unsurprising, perhaps, for a woman who has been hurling her comparatively slight frame around sumo rings since she was nine years old.
“I understand that the dohyo is regarded as sacred, but whichever way you look at it, the ban on women is sexist,” says Nishimoto, who prides herself on her uwatenage overarm throw. “But that just makes me all the more determined to carry on and be the best female wrestler in Japan.”
2-2
Japanese Medical School Accused of Rigging Admissions to Keep Women Out
Aug. 3, 2018 By Austin Ramzy and Hisako Ueno
A Japanese medical school has been accused of manipulating the test scores of female applicants for years to artificially depress the number of women in the student body, a scandal that has triggered sharp criticism.
The revelations have highlighted institutional barriers that women in Japan still face as they pursue work in fields that have long been dominated by men.
Tokyo Medical University reduced the test scores of women to keep their numbers at about 30 percent of entering classes, the Yomiuri Shimbun newspaper reported on Thursday.
For the 2018 school year, 1,596 men and 1,018 women applied to the school, with 8.8 percent of men and 2.9 percent of women accepted, according to the newspaper.
“This medical school’s practice is very shocking and ridiculous,” said Dr. Takako Tsuda, an anesthesiologist who is chairwoman of the Japan Joint Association of Medical Professional Women. “This practice should be stopped now.”
Yoshimasa Hayashi, Japan’s education minister, ordered an investigation into the school’s admissions procedures over the last six years.
“Discriminating against female students in entrance exams is absolutely unacceptable,” Mr. Hayashi told reporters on Thursday.
The discrimination began after 2010, when the number of successful female applicants increased sharply, the Yomiuri Shimbun said.
The newspaper quoted an unnamed source as saying that school administrators justified the practice out of the belief that women were more likely to drop out of the profession after marriage or childbirth.
1-3
TBS, a television network, cited an unnamed former university admissions official as saying the practice was commonplace among medical schools and that administrators did not see anything wrong with it.
A university spokesman declined to comment.
The revelations triggered an outpouring of criticism online about gender inequality in Japan.
“Those who decided this system never faced problems of balancing housework and child care with a job,” Keiko Ota, a lawyer, said on Twitter. “You got away without doing all that housework and were able to concentrate on just your job thanks to whom? Can you dare say with whom you left your own children?”
Mizuho Fukushima, a lawmaker with the Social Democrat Party, said the school’s practice was clearly a violation of constitutional protections against discrimination. “This is just unacceptable,” she tweeted. “Work-style reform for doctors and child care support should be carried out.”
The reported discrimination at Tokyo Medical University, a prestigious private school, came to light in an internal investigation following the arrest last month of two university officials. The officials are accused of bribery, alleged to have guaranteed admission to a bureaucrat’s son in exchange for state funding, Kyodo News reported.
The allegation that women’s test scores were manipulated has cast a sharp light on Prime Minister Shinzo Abe’s efforts to advance the economic empowerment of women, a policy known as “womenomics.”
Japan has lagged behind other developed nations on female participation in the workplace. This has been blamed, in part, on traditional hiring practices that emphasize lifelong employment with a single company. Japanese companies typically require long hours, which clashes with cultural expectations that women are responsible for the bulk of housekeeping and child-rearing responsibilities.
By one basic measurement, economic prospects for women in Japan have improved in recent years, as the proportion of women working has surpassed that in the United States. But women are poorly represented in high-paying and prestigious jobs in government, management and science and technology. As a result, the pay gap is still stubbornly wide.
Acceptance rates are higher for women than men in most university subjects in Japan, including engineering, agriculture, dentistry, nursing and pharmaceutical studies. But they trail in medicine, according to an analysis of Education Ministry statistics by Kyoko Tanebe of the Japan Joint Association of Medical Professional Women.
“These stats indicate universities control the student ratio,” Ms. Tanebe wrote last year.
Some people in the field said they had long suspected that women were being actively prevented from pursuing careers in medicine.
2-3
戦後はもう終わったなんて言葉が昔はやったが、右翼軍国主義、天皇主義、全体主義国家から敗戦を経て、民主主義国家を前面に謳った日本国憲法が制定されてもう相当長きに渡る。ところが、民主主義や基本的人権や個人の幸福を追求する権利をまったく理解するには至っていないことがうかがわれる。それが教育者であってもである。わかってもいない日本国憲法がいまや戦前の右翼の懐古主義、天皇主義者をバックにして改憲の危険にさらされているという現実。いやはや、日本の運命はその体制が戦前に戻るのであろうか。
****
Japan school boards start to rethink 'black rules' on everything from underwear to protesting
BY TOMOHIRO OSAKI, Japan Times Staff Writer
NOV 8, 2019
More and more municipalities in Japan are scrambling to amend or abolish what are widely criticized as draconian school rules long imposed on students, heralding a rethink of a long-standing teaching culture that has prized conformity and docility.
In the latest example, the board of education in Gifu Prefecture has run a sweeping review of rules upheld by high schools under its jurisdiction. Such rules, known as kōsoku, typically refer to internal codes of conduct that each junior high and high school imposes on pupils under their care, often dictating a strict dress code that extends to the length and color of their hair.
The investigation by the Gifu Prefectural Board of Education found that more than 90 percent of its 61 full-time high schools had maintained rules so stringent that they risked compromising the human rights of the students.
Examples included those that stipulated girls’ underclothes must be white, that students must notify schools in advance of their personal plans for long-distance travel, and that students must seek teachers’ permission to join any assembly outside of school hours, education board official Masayuki Ishigami said. “Assembly” is generally interpreted to include political rallies, although few explicitly state so, Ishigami added.
Although the board has already instructed schools to remove those rules, the changes will officially take effect at the beginning of the new school year in April, Ishigami said.
“At the very least, we felt it necessary to revise those school rules that affect students’ human rights,” Ishigami said. “For example, the mere act of teachers trying to check the color of underclothes worn by girls would raise human rights questions,” he said.
The official said Gifu’s review has been prompted by a recent groundswell of public outrage against the rigorous rules. Although long taken for granted as part of the education system, the tradition of kōsoku ignited debate when an 18-year-old girl sued Osaka Prefecture for damages in 2017 after she was repeatedly forced by her teachers to dye her naturally brown hair black as per a school rule.
Those overly restrictive rules are now commonly dubbed “black kōsoku.” In August, a group of campaigners seeking to eliminate them submitted an online petition signed by more than 60,000 people to the education ministry urging immediate action. Osaka Prefecture, too, took steps to address the issue, ordering all of its high schools to review their rules. As a result, about 40 percent of its 135 full-time high schools made changes, the prefectural government said in a report in April last year.
Japan began keeping a tighter rein on students when the nation went through a drastic increase in juvenile delinquency and violence against teachers in the early 1980s, prompting school authorities to stiffen rules in a bid to curb rowdy behavior, education studies scholar Masaharu Hata wrote in a 1999 book.
But despite recent moves by municipalities to rethink their long-held codes of conduct, progress has moved at a glacial pace because many teachers still prize them as a form of education, said Ryo Uchida, an associate professor of Nagoya University who has written multiple books on school-related issues.
“The biggest objective of Japanese teachers is to keep their classes as orderly as possible and without any incident, and the most common way to achieve that has been to limit students’ freedom,” Uchida said.
Uchida said schools are “almost as though they were granted extraterritoriality,” where even the most absurd rules, such as banning students from wearing scarves and tights even in winter, are justified under the pretext of nipping delinquency in the bud.
“The logic is that if one student started showing off what might be considered a fashion accessory, other students may follow suit, which could encourage overall disorderliness,” Uchida said. “But how could denying students the simplest choices such as wearing something because of cold weather possibly help foster their independence and self-initiative?”
Going forward, the associate professor said the most effective antidote to black kōsoku is for education boards in each municipality to take steps to disclose the details of these internal school rules so they can be checked against the “common sense of the outside world.”
“Only then will the black kōsoku die off,” Uchida said.
Indeed, Setagaya Ward in Tokyo is gearing up to do just that. Its education board is currently in the “final phase” of its plan to make public a list of rules upheld by all of its junior high schools on their respective websites, having conducted a comprehensive update of any inappropriate code.
“Our big objective is to eliminate any unreasonable kōsoku for the sake of children’s human rights,” Setagaya Education Board official Yuji Aoki said. “We also believe that children should be left to make their own decisions about how they should act, not governed by a long list of rules, in order to harness their autonomy in these changing times.”
It is under this belief that all public junior high schools in Setagaya now allow their students to go to school wearing the clothes of their choice once a month — although some locals have argued such an initiative is inappropriate for junior high school students, Aoki said.
２－２
いま注目を集めている、混乱が続く香港。サッチャー政権のイギリスと中国共産党との協定を守らせようとする、香港市民による民主的生活維持運動。その舞台が街頭から香港の各大学へと移っている。中国共産党/警察当局が学生をターゲットにし始めたからに他ならない。前にも書いたが、これらの大学は世界の大学ランキングでも100位以内の高く評価されている大学群だ。東大よりも高いランキングの大学が含まれる。いまやその激しさは、高経大の学生が始めた当初の民主化運動というよりも、過去の全共闘の頂点を示す東大闘争の様相を呈している観がある。もちろん、香港で起こっていることは共産主義国の民主化運動であって、自由主義国の共産主義運動とは違うし、比較にならないほどの修羅場であるが。いずれにせよ、なかなか目が離せない悲しい情勢なのは間違いない。
****
The New York Times Report
Hong Kong Colleges Become Besieged Citadels as Police Close In
Police have begun raiding the edges of the biggest campuses to make arrests, leading student activists to engage with them in pitched battles that resemble medieval sieges.
By Edward Wong and Ezra Cheung
Nov. 13, 2019 Updated 8:28 p.m. ET
HONG KONG — Seething with anger, the black-clad students hurled gasoline bombs, threw bricks and even aimed flaming arrows at the riot police, who answered with tear-gas volleys and rubber bullets that hurtled into Hong Kong’s university grounds for the first time.
And with those battles on Monday and Tuesday at the territory’s largest universities, another unspoken rule in the antigovernment protests that have been convulsing Hong Kong for six months was shattered: the sanctity of educational campuses from the police.
The clashes turned what had been sanctuaries for the students at the core of the movement into scenes that evoked medieval citadels under siege.
They opened a new chapter that threatens to further disrupt the Asian financial capital, which has struggled for normalcy despite the increasingly violent protests against the Chinese Communist authorities in Beijing who have the last word over Hong Kong’s future.
1-4
Hong Kong has fallen into recession as tourists have fled and as its busy shopping areas become backdrops for street battles between demonstrators and police officers. The world is asking hard questions about what could befall Hong Kong as Beijing further tightens control over a city that is supposed to operate under its own laws.
The most dramatic student-versus-police clash unfolded late Tuesday night at a barricaded bridge leading to the campus of the Chinese University of Hong Kong. For hours, police officers fired hundreds of rounds of tear gas and rubber bullets and students hurled Molotov cocktails and bricks, and practiced firing bows with flaming arrows. More than 100 injured students were brought to a makeshift first-aid clinic in a gym.
By targeting campuses, the police have breached the last refuge of the protesters, a move that brings the violence to the heart of the universities and invokes the pivotal and fraught role of student activism in the global history of democracy movements.
“One thing that people have realized is that the protests, the movement, the conflict, is unavoidable,” Gabriel Fung, a 19-year-old second-year student at the University of Hong Kong, said. “It’s going to reach you wherever you are at some point.”
It is at these universities where young leaders and other students have been organizing revolts against the Chinese Communist Party and spreading the pro-democracy ideas that undergird the protests. And here, too, that the students discuss the wealth inequality and cultural homogenization that have led to visions of a bleak future among many of their generation.
In Hong Kong, university administrators and professors now find themselves in a difficult position, trying to preach tolerance and walk a tightrope of furious demands from students, the police and government officials. Two schools on Wednesday ended their semesters weeks early.
“Not a single place in Hong Kong is exempt from the rule of law, and that includes universities,” John Lee, the secretary for security, said Wednesday at a news conference. “Universities are not supposed to be the breeding ground of violence.”
The showdown has been brewing for years, going back to the pro-democracy Umbrella Movement of 2014. And the roots of the protests in many ways harken back to social movements elsewhere.
On mainland China, students have led campaigns calling for sweeping political change, notably in 1919 and 1989. In the United States in the late 1960s and early 1970s, violence broke out on campuses during anti-Vietnam War protests, most horrifically at Kent State University in 1970, when Ohio National Guard troops opened fire on students, killing four and injuring nine.
Student activists in Hong Kong have lived by an exhausting weekly rhythm since the movement began in early June: protest on weekends, show up on Mondays for class, study for exams and apply for internships or jobs in between it all. Many argue with parents who disagree with their politics or tactics. Hundreds have been arrested in recent months and quickly released by the police, as required by law.
2-4
It was the death of a university student this month that set off the current round of protests and violence. Chow Tsz-lok, a student at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, sustained a fatal injury after falling from a parking garage near a police action on Nov. 4. Thousands attended candlelit memorial rallies last weekend, and his photograph is on posters and makeshift shrines all over campuses, since he is now a martyr for other students.
Roiled by the latest unrest, universities canceled classes from Monday to Friday. That meant protesters have been able to hit the streets at dawn on weekdays after sleeping a few hours. On campus, activists have sprayed fresh graffiti, including phrases cursing administrators.
The fraught situation led police officers on Wednesday to organize an evacuation of dozens of mainland Chinese students across the border to Shenzhen, where hotels offered them free rooms.
One graduate student at the University of Hong Kong said he and others from the mainland still felt safer on campuses than on the streets. He said many students do not openly express pro-Beijing opinions and sometimes avoid speaking loudly in Mandarin, the dominant language back home. (He spoke on the condition of anonymity because of the tensions.)
Some university departments have delayed recruitment drives of mainland and foreign students to come up with new strategies; a drop-off in enrollment by mainland graduate students, who often pay full tuition, would lead to budget problems.
Hong Kong’s public universities, which have more than 86,000 undergraduate and nearly 11,000 graduate students, each have distinct characters. That means the students have occupied different roles in the movement, and the protests have played out in different ways on each campus.
The Chinese University of Hong Kong, with 20,000 students, is considered the most radical campus. Most of its students are Cantonese-speaking locals, some of whom live nearby with their parents in dense apartment blocks. And the campus is high in the hills of Sha Tin, isolated from the city center, which is an hour’s ride away by subway.
On Monday, the police arrested five students on the campus’s edge, administrators said. The next morning, the police, still at the border, confronted front line students, and clashes took place over 20 hours. Rocky S. Tuan, the president, who has been known for trying to engage with students during the movement, showed up during a lull in the evening to urge the students to be calm.
“You all should know that I really want to help you. I will do everything within my capability,” he said. “It is the university’s responsibility to maintain peace on campus, not the police.”
But as Mr. Tuan began walking away, the police fired tear gas. Mr. Tuan himself was enveloped in the gas. Students set fires to keep the police from advancing, and scores formed human chains to pass along bricks, umbrellas and bottled water to the front lines. Students sitting on one patch of road made gasoline bombs as if on an assembly line.
“It was a savage move and a type of police violence when they tried to encroach on the university,” said Timothy Chow, 23, an engineering student who graduated in June. “This is why we have to protect our Chinese University of Hong Kong.”
“When I saw our compatriots and Chinese University staff being hurt by the police, I felt particularly furious and wanted to come back to defend our university,” he added.
3-4
At the University of Hong Kong this week, front-line students also set up barricades and, against the advice of professors, threw paving bricks off balconies, even though it is considered the most established of the territory’s schools.
Founded in 1911, it is the territory’s oldest university. Many of its students are foreigners or Hong Kong residents who attended international schools. English is the main language, and the university aims to open a mainland China campus. Among its alumni are many police commanders and Carrie Lam, the territory’s chief executive who is reviled by protesters.
On Monday, the students were on edge in part because the police had taken a student from a dormitory area early that morning.
Two liberal law professors, Hualing Fu and Johannes Chan, urged a group of front-line protesters in masks not to resort to violence and to understand that the struggle for democracy was a lifetime commitment, according to video footage. But one masked woman shouted they had no choice, and asked: “How many people are we going to sacrifice?”
“We are better, we are different,” Mr. Fu said.
“But we shall not forgive,” a young man shouted, “we shall not forget.”
On Monday and Tuesday mornings, police officers arrived at campus entrances to try to clear the barricades. They fired tear gas, but retreated.
Students have called on the president, Xiang Zhang, to forcefully condemn the police, but he has refrained from doing so, and, unlike Mr. Tuan, rarely holds open forums. On occasion, professors have shown up at the front lines to speak to students, as William Hayward, dean of social sciences, did on Tuesday.
“Obviously, as it goes on and as it gets more polarized, this becomes increasingly a challenge,” Mr. Hayward later said of student engagement. “Some of them do really open up, but at the same time, you know, of course they’re trying to figure out — is he on our side or is he trying to silence us?”
As night fell on Tuesday, students traded shifts at the barricades, walking past a famous eight-meter statue of orange corpses, “The Pillar of Shame,” that memorializes the 1989 massacre of pro-democracy students and workers around Tiananmen Square in Beijing by the Chinese government.
Paul Mozur and Katherine Li contributed reporting.
4-4
正しい知識は強力な武器：半信半疑だが、COVID-19は空気感染しないならしい。
＿＿＿
How Coronavirus Spreads
COVID-19 is a new disease and we are still learning how it spreads, the severity of illness it causes, and to what extent it may spread in the United States.
The President’s Coronavirus Guidelines for America: 15 Days to Slow the Spreadpdf iconexternal icon Spanishpdf icon
*Person-to-person spread
The virus is thought to spread mainly from person-to-person.
Between people who are in close contact with one another (within about 6 feet).
Through respiratory droplets produced when an infected person coughs or sneezes.
These droplets can land in the mouths or noses of people who are nearby or possibly be inhaled into the lungs.
*Can someone spread the virus without being sick?
People are thought to be most contagious when they are most symptomatic (the sickest).
Some spread might be possible before people show symptoms; there have been reports of this occurring with this new coronavirus, but this is not thought to be the main way the virus spreads.
*Spread from contact with contaminated surfaces or objects
It may be possible that a person can get COVID-19 by touching a surface or object that has the virus on it and then touching their own mouth, nose, or possibly their eyes, but this is not thought to be the main way the virus spreads.
last reviewed: March 4, 2020
Content source: National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD), Division of Viral Diseases
from CDC, USA Official Page,
空気感染しないというWHOの反論が下。米国のCDCはWHOの見解をそのまま転載しているようだ。空気感染の定義にもよるが、例えば咳により口から飛びだすドロップレットの飛距離は想像以上、１０メートルを超すとか昔に記憶している。その間空気中に浮いているということである。いずれにせよ、慎重に行動することに変わりはない。例えば人との距離を６フィートぐらいに置くというのが推薦基準としてアメリカの記事によく見かける。
****
WHO Reviews 'Available' Evidence On Coronavirus Transmission Through Air
March 28, 2020 5:19 PM ET, Writer: Nell Greenfieldboyce
The World Health Organization says the virus that causes COVID-19 doesn't seem to linger in the air or be capable of spreading through the air over distances more than about three feet.
But at least one expert in virus transmission said it's way too soon to know that.
"I think the WHO is being irresponsible in giving out that information. This misinformation is dangerous," says Dr. Donald Milton, an infectious disease aerobiologist at the University of Maryland School of Public Health.
The WHO says that "according to current evidence," the virus is transmitted through "respiratory droplets and contact routes." By that, the agency means the virus is found in the kind of big droplets of mucus or saliva created through coughing and sneezing.
These droplets can only travel short distances through the air and either land on people or land on surfaces that people later touch. Stopping this kind of transmission is why public health officials urge people to wash hands frequently and not touch the face, because that could bring the virus into contact with the nose or mouth.
Other viruses, however, get shed by infected people in a way that lets the germs actually hang suspended in the air for minutes or even hours. Later, these airborne viruses can get breathed in when other people pass by. Measles is a good example of that kind of transmission—the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says that "Measles virus can remain infectious in the air for up to two hours after an infected person leaves an area."
The WHO said that this kind of airborne transmission of the new coronavirus might be possible "in specific circumstances and settings in which procedures that generate aerosols are performed," such as when a patient is intubated in a hospital or being disconnected from a ventilator.
Based on that, the agency recommends "airborne precautions" when medical workers do those procedures. Otherwise, the WHO says, healthcare workers caring for COVID-19 patients could use less protective "droplet and contact precautions."
That troubles Milton, who says so little is known about this new virus, SARS-CoV-2, that it's inappropriate to draw conclusions about how it is transmitted.
"I don't think they know and I think they are talking out of their hats," Milton says.
1/２
He says people like to think that there's some sharp, black-and-white distinction between "airborne" viruses that can linger and float in the air, and ones that only spread when embedded in larger moist droplets picked up through close contact, but the reality of transmission is far more nuanced.
"The epidemiologists say if it's 'close contact' then it's not airborne. That's baloney," he says.
When epidemiologists are working in the field, trying to understand an outbreak of an unknown pathogen, it's not possible for them to know exactly what's going on as a pathogen is spread from person to person, Milton says. "Epidemiologists cannot tell the difference between droplet transmission and short-range aerosol transmission."
He says these are hard questions to answer, and scientists still argue over how much of the transmission of influenza might be airborne. Some research shows that exhaled gas clouds from people contain a continuum of many droplet sizes and that a "high-momentum cloud" created by a cough or sneeze might carry droplets long distances.
What's more, one study of hospital rooms of patients with COVID-19 found that "swabs taken from the air exhaust outlets tested positive, suggesting that small virus-laden droplets may be displaced by airflows and deposited on equipment such as vents."
Another study in Wuhan hospitals found that most areas had undetectable or low levels of airborne virus.
In the face of this uncertainty, Milton thinks the WHO should follow the example of the CDC and "employ the precautionary principle to recommend airborne precautions."
"The U.S. CDC has it exactly right," he says, noting that it recommends airborne precautions for any situation involving the care of COVID-19 patients.
Of course, the world is struggling with a shortage of the most protective medical masks and gear. For the average person not working in a hospital, Milton says the recommendation to stay 6 feet away from others sounds reasonable.
He says if someone in a house is sick, it makes sense to have them wear a mask and to increase the ventilation in the room, if possible, by cracking open a window. People shouldn't cram into cars with the windows rolled up, he says, and officials need to keep crowding down in mass transit vehicles like trains and buses.
2/2
最後まで無罪を主張し続けて病死した無期懲役囚の故星野文昭さん。努力の甲斐もなく再審請求は受け入れられなかった。政治的であればあるほど検察側に有利に運ぶ日本の裁判。日本の本人自白に頼った検察側の犯人捜査。冤罪事件は生れべくして生まれる。
****
Shiga ex-nurse acquitted of 2003 murder after serving 12 years
KYODO
MAR 31, 2020
ARTICLE HISTORYPRINTSHARE
A Japanese court on Tuesday acquitted a former assistant nurse who was convicted of murder and spent 12 years in prison after the 2003 death of a patient, saying at the conclusion of her retrial it is highly likely the man died of natural causes.
Mika Nishiyama, 40, was exonerated by the Otsu District Court, with presiding Judge Naoki Onishi saying there was “no foul play” in the incident and that the 72-year-old patient could have suffered “a fatal irregular heartbeat or a lack of oxygen after not having his sputum sucked out.”
“I’m very happy. My parents shed tears of joy,” Nishiyama said at a news conference in Otsu, the capital of western Japan’s Shiga Prefecture. She celebrated the ruling by taking the hands of her 69-year-old mother Reiko, who was seen sobbing at the courthouse.
Her supporters who had waited outside the court building broke into applause when her defense counsel held up papers showing she was found “not guilty.”
She was convicted in 2005 of killing the male patient by removing his respirator at a Shiga hospital. But in the retrial, prosecutors did not contest new evidence presented by her defense team including a doctor’s opinion that pointed to arrhythmia as a possible cause of death.
Her acquittal will be finalized if the prosecutors do not appeal the ruling within 14 days. Nishiyama’s defense team urged them to waive their right to appeal immediately so her not-guilty verdict will stand.
Nishiyama was indicted after admitting to killing the patient under police questioning in 2004, but she later retracted her confession, saying she had been coerced by investigators.
She pleaded not guilty in subsequent court proceedings, but the Otsu court ruled her confession credible and gave her a 12-year jail term in 2005 — a decision upheld by the Supreme Court in 2007 — which she served out in August 2017.
Tuesday’s ruling said Nishiyama’s confession was unreliable as her statements on a key point of whether the alarm of the respirator continued to ring changed drastically.
It also pointed out that an investigator used the fact Nishiyama, who has a mild intellectual disability, had developed romantic feelings toward him to coerce a confession that matched circumstantial evidence.
The court’s judgment was in line with arguments made earlier by her defense counsel.
“(The investigator) wielded a strong influence over her and controlled her statements,” said the judge. “We cannot rewind the time, but this case has raised a big question over how criminal justice works (in Japan).”
Nishiyama sought a retrial in 2010 and in December 2017 the Osaka High Court ordered the case be reheard, saying the patient may have died from natural causes based on new evidence submitted by the defense team.
The retrial began in February after the Supreme Court endorsed the Osaka High Court decision in March last year.
1991年に起きたロス暴動と類似点が沢山ある。その暴動で何が変わったか？結果的には何も変わらない。いやむしろ地元住民には悪くなった。一度破壊されたら、その地域のビジネスは二度と同じ地に戻って来なかった。つまり働き口や仕事がなくなり、買い物も不便になっただけというわけ。スラム化がすすむのである。暴動はビジネスや住宅・賃貸アパートでもますます、口には決して出さないが差別が正当化される。だから暴動に参加する人間は暴動プロが扇動する。そこにはギャングメンバーや反黒人思想や住民以外の派遣部隊が含まれるとみてもまったくおかしくないのである。
*****
There are anarchists': Minnesota officials say 'outside agitators' are hijacking peaceful protests
May 30, 2020 2:42pm Update 6:40pm ET Trevor Hughes/USA TODAY
MINNEAPOLIS — Drifting out of the shadows in small groups, dressed in black, carrying shields and wearing knee pads, they head toward the front lines of the protest. Helmets and gas masks protect and obscure their faces, and they carry bottles of milk to counteract tear gas and pepper spray.
Most of them appear to be white. They carry no signs and don't want to speak to reporters. Trailed by designated "medics" with red crosses taped to their clothes, these groups head straight for the front lines of the conflict.
Night after night in this ravaged city, these small groups do battle with police and the National Guard, kicking away tear gas canisters and throwing back foam-rubber projects fired at them. Around them, fires break out. Windows are smashed. Parked cars destroyed. USA TODAY reporters have witnessed the groups on multiple nights, in multiple locations. Sometimes they threaten those journalists who photograph them destroying property.
The mayor and governor say outside agitators are hijacking peaceful protests over the death of George Floyd and literally fanning the flames of destruction. And experts say things will likely get worse in Minneapolis and in other cities seeing similar peaceful protests that turn violent like Los Angeles; Louisville, Kentucky; Des Moines, Iowa; Detroit, Atlanta; and Washington, D.C.
“The real hard-core guys, this is their job: They’re involved in this struggle," said Adam Leggat, a former British Army counterterrorism officer who now works as a security consultant specializing in crowd management for the Densus Group. "They need protests on the street to give them cover to move in.”
Minneapolis Mayor Jacob Frey said protests in the city Tuesday were largely peaceful and organized by local residents, but that the "dynamic has changed over the last several days."
"I want to be very, very clear: The people that are doing this are not Minneapolis residents," Frey said Saturday.
Minnesota Gov. Tim Walz, without providing specifics, said he believes 80% of the people now taking part in the overnight rioting are from outside Minnesota.
"There are detractors. There are white supremacists. There are anarchists," Lt. Gov. Peggy Flanagan said Saturday afternoon.
1/4
However, a civil arrest list provided by the public information officer of the St. Paul Police Department shows 12 of the 18 people arrested from Thursday through 6 a.m. Saturday were from Minnesota. Five of them are from St. Paul, three are from Woodbury (part of the Twin Cities metropolitan area), two are from Minneapolis, one is from Mankato and one is from St. Louis Park. Four are from out of state and two did not have cities of residence listed.
Leggat, the security consultant, said intelligence reports from his colleagues indicate most of the hard-core protesters in Minneapolis are far-left or anarchists, and that far-right groups have not yet made a significant appearance. He said looting is typically done by locals – usually people with no criminal record who just get caught up in the moment.
But direct conflicts with authorities come from a mix of both locals and outside groups who see these conflicts as a core part of their mission. Many of the anarchists, he said, target banks, chain-type businesses and even luxury cars as symbols of corrupt institutions. He said even a peaceful protest can turn violent if outside agitators decide to participate, hijacking the message.
"The difficulty is that you have no control over who turns up," he said. "If this was to continue to go on, more people will come. And potentially you could have people on the right turning up, which would make things far more complicated. If those guys turn up, they will claim to be there to protect business. But it means the police will have two groups to keep apart. And that uses up a lot of police resources."
Many protesters interviewed by USA TODAY reporters decried the violence, although some said it was a predicable result of generations of anger and suffering. Speaking to a large crowd on Friday afternoon, Minneapolis activist Kon Johnson, 45, said people who have subjugated for so long are finally lashing out. He said the violence has at least gotten the world's attention.
“What is it going to take to get people to listen?" Johnson said. "They say, 'don’t incite violence,' but no one is listening. What does it take to get them to listen? I mean, do we have to take this to the suburbs? To the capital? What’s it going to take to get them to listen? We can’t keep burning stuff down."
Johnson, an activist and performer, said the arrest of Derek Chauvin, the police officer seen kneeling on Floyd's neck for eight minutes, is a good first step. Chauvin was charged with third-degree murder and manslaughter. But he said it's only the first step toward delivering justice to the community.
"I don't want to burn down sh-- either. I don't," Johnson said. "But guess what? It's gonna happen if this fool does not get life in jail."
Pamela Oliver, a sociology expert from the University of Wisconsin-Madison specializing in protests, said politicians sometimes blame outsiders for causing trouble as a way of pretending
2/3
there's no real problem within a community. That's not what's happening here, she said: Political leaders acknowledge Floyd's death focused sharp attention on longstanding problems.
Instead, she said, many Minneapolis residents may see rioting and destruction as a legitimate way to push back on police repression.
"When the police aggressively punish peaceful protest by firing rubber bullets and tear gas, the protesters often escalate their tactics. In contexts in which the police or other authorities have been acting in repressive ways towards communities, there can be a celebratory air when rebellion occurs in what is called a riot," she said. "I have definitely read claims by Minneapolis residents that the police have been so bad that a rebellious response is appropriate."
But many Minneapolis residents appear to be growing weary of the violence and destruction, while still supporting peaceful protests. Clearing rubble from a burned-out Walgreens on Saturday, Daniel Braun, 34, said he was sad to see the damage to his neighborhood.
“There’s civil rights and then there’s burning things down," said Braun, an attorney. “During the day, everything is peaceful. It’s only at night when things happen. Once night falls, please, go home. When it’s dark out and you’re there, you’re not making anything better.”
A protester holding a sign in front of a burned-out building Minneapolis during protests over the death of George Floyd on May 28, 2020.
A protester who has been outside some of the most intense scenes this week – the Minnehaha Mall on the south side on Thursday and Uptown on Friday – said his experiences with riots and protests leads him to believe most violence demonstrators are not from Minneapolis or St. Paul.
Arsonists and people breaking into buildings are "definitely" not from the neighborhoods they are damaging, Augustine Zion Livingstone said.
"Ain't no black person burning down no damn barbershops in their hood," Livingstone, 23, said. "We're not doing that."
Some locals are participating in looting once buildings have been breached, but he said they're in the minority when compared with peaceful protesters.
"We're not destroying buildings, we're not burning buildings," said Livingston, who also was a main speaker during Friday's marches and protests at the Hennepin County Government Center.
勝ち組：１、トランプ政権ーこの冬、トランプの圧倒的な再選が予想される。２、NRA（The National Rifle Association）ービジネスオーナーや個人にとって、身の生命や財産を守るには刀やゴルフクラブや野球バットなんてまったく通用しない。映画のように、暴徒化した犯罪集団を駆逐できない。しかも小さな銃よりも軍隊クラスの大きgunの必要性。相手を威嚇するのが目的。小さな銃では威嚇に限度がある。銃を発砲して殺傷すれば良心の呵責や警察と法律があとあと絡んできて面倒になる。銃を使うのを避けて犯罪を未然に防ぐことが主眼である。３、人種差別の強化ーゲイトコミュニティーの蔓延。人種差別には自業自得要素がかなり存在する。警察官は犯罪を取り締まるのが仕事。警察が嫌いだったら犯罪をするなである。ところがそうになってない。黒人コミュニティーが一辺倒に白人や警察の黒人差別だと抗議しても、問題が少しも解決しない。結果的に犯罪に走る黒人を擁護する形になっている。報道になってないので過去警察官の手によって死傷した黒人たちの犯罪歴を自分で調べる必要がある。KKKが跋扈した古いアメリカを語っていない。あくまでも最近の事件を問題にしている。それらは凶悪なギャングメンバーだったり、犯罪を犯して警察にお世話になっている常習犯と記録している。だから警察がそれほどいやだったら、まず犯罪に手を染めるなとなぜテレビの前で言わないのか言えないのか。ますます金持ちや白人社会は黒人社会から遠ざかる。ビバリーヒルズなどの高級住宅地には警備員配置の門を設けて一般人を通行止めにしている場所はまだ一部である。こういった門を設けて大きなアパート群を数ブロックに渡り管理している場所がLaBreaと3thの近くにある。何度も車で中に入ったことがあるが迷路のようであり、そこから出るのにひと苦労する。入口に門を設けて警備員が交通をチェックする高級住宅群がロスの郊外のそこら中にある。
*****
George Floyd had ‘violent criminal history’: Minneapolis police union chief
June 2, 2020 | 12:04pm | Updated By Kate Sheehy New York Post
The head of the Minneapolis police union says George Floyd’s “violent criminal history” needs to be remembered and that the protests over his death are the work of a “terrorist movement.”
“What is not being told is the violent criminal history of George Floyd. The media will not air this,” police union president Bob Kroll told his members in a letter posted Monday on Twitter.
Floyd had landed five years behind bars in 2009 for an assault and robbery two years earlier, and before that, had been convicted of charges ranging from theft with a firearm to drugs, the Daily Mail reported.
Floyd died last week after a white cop kneeled on the 46-year-old black man’s neck for nearly 9 minutes, a shocking incident that was caught on video and is sparking widespread violent protests, including in New York City. Floyd had allegedly just tried to pass a phony $20 bill before he died.
“This terrorist movement that is currently occurring was a long time build up which dates back years,” Kroll said in his letter of the protests, adding that some of his city’s issues exist because Minneapolis leaders have been “minimizing the size of our police force and diverting funds to community activists with an anti-police agenda.
“Our chief requested 400 more officers and was flatly denied any. This is what led to this record breaking riot,” he said.
The union chief vowed that his organization would help the cop accused of killing Floyd, now-fired Officer Derek Chauvin, and three other officers who were at the scene and are being investigated.
“I’ve worked with the four defense attorneys that are representing each of our four terminated individuals under criminal investigation, in addition with our labor attorneys to fight for their jobs. They were terminated without due process,” Kroll wrote.
２－２
Despite Los Angeles County's label as the "Gang Capital of the United States, gang population estimates for anywhere in Los Angeles County and gang-related crime statistics have not been forthcoming in recent years. In fact, the last estimates of any sort for Los Angeles County were released in 2007. In 2000, a 2000 U.S. Department of Justice report stated that Los Angeles County had more than 1,300 gangs with more than 150,000 members. Within the City of Los Angeles, a 2007 City of Los Angeles report stated that there were more than 400 separate gangs and an estimated 39,000 members of these gangs. Of these, more than half were Latino. Since the time of these reports, veteran journalist and author Sam Quinnones stated in a 2015 interview with L.A. Taco that declining front-page gang activity in Los Angeles was due to gangs becoming more discreet, disillusionment and falling trust by members in gang leadership and priorities, aggressive gang injunctions and RICO prosecutions and new community policing strategies.
Who is she?ー
Candace Owens is a political commentator and the former Director of Communications for Turning Point USA. She is the founder of the #Blexit movement. She now tours the country delivering speeches to sold out crowds. Originally from Stamford, Connecticut, she now lives in New York City.
About The Bookー
Political activist and social media star Candace Owens explains all the reasons how the Democratic Party policies hurt, rather than help, the African American community, and why she and many others are turning right.
What do you have to lose? This question, posed by then-presidential candidate Donald Trump to potential black voters, was mocked and dismissed by the mainstream media. But for Candace Owens and many others, it was a wake-up call. A staunch Democrat for all of her life, she began to question the left’s policies toward black Americans, and investigate the harm they inflict on the community.
In Blackout, social media star and conservative commentator Owens addresses the many ways that liberal policies and ideals are actually harmful to African Americans and hinder their ability to rise above poverty, live independent and successful lives, and be an active part of the American Dream. Weaving in her personal story that brought her from the projects to 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue, she demonstrates how she overcame her setbacks and challenges despite the cultural expectation that she should embrace a victim mentality.
Owens argues that government assistance is a double-edged sword, that the left dismisses the faith so important to the black community, that Democratic permissiveness toward abortion disproportionately affects the black babies, that the #MeToo movement hurts black men, and much more. Well-researched and intelligently argued, Blackout lays bare the myth that all black people should vote Democrat—and shows why turning to the right will leave them happier, more successful, and more self-sufficient.
アメリカの公式な統計数値に「黒人がもつ人種の得意性、ユニークさ」がまさに示されていて、凡人の論理をサポートしている。下の記事によれば「According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, one in three black men can expect to go to prison in their lifetime」黒人の3人に一人が一度（やそれ以上）その生涯に刑務所の御世話になるという司法統計局の数値。それって考えると凄いと思う。刑務所に行くには重罪か再犯罪者が多い。初犯とか軽犯罪とかでは滅多に刑務所には行かない。つまり余罪まで含めれば、その時点ではキャリア犯罪者であっても驚かない。
Eliminating the racial disparities inherent to our nation’s criminal-justice policies and practices must be at the heart of a renewed, refocused, and reenergized movement for racial justice in America.
Eliminating the racial disparities inherent to our nation’s criminal-justice policies and practices must be at the heart of a renewed, refocused, and reenergized movement for racial justice in America.
This month the United States celebrates the Selma-to-Montgomery marches of 1965 to commemorate our shared history of the civil rights movement and our nation’s continued progress towards racial equality. Yet decades later a broken criminal-justice system has proven that we still have a long way to go in achieving racial equality.
Today people of color continue to be disproportionately incarcerated, policed, and sentenced to death at significantly higher rates than their white counterparts. Further, racial disparities in the criminal-justice system threaten communities of color—disenfranchising thousands by limiting voting rights and denying equal access to employment, housing, public benefits, and education to millions more. In light of these disparities, it is imperative that criminal-justice reform evolves as the civil rights issue of the 21st century.
Below we outline the top 10 facts pertaining to the criminal-justice system’s impact on communities of color.
1. While people of color make up about 30 percent of the United States’ population, they account for 60 percent of those imprisoned. The prison population grew by 700 percent from 1970 to 2005, a rate that is outpacing crime and population rates. The incarceration rates disproportionately impact men of color: 1 in every 15 African American men and 1 in every 36 Hispanic men are incarcerated in comparison to 1 in every 106 white men.
2. According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, one in three black men can expect to go to prison in their lifetime. Individuals of color have a disproportionate number of encounters with law enforcement, indicating that racial profiling continues to be a problem. A report by the Department of Justice found that blacks and Hispanics were approximately three times more likely to be searched during a traffic stop than white motorists. African Americans were twice as likely to be arrested and almost four times as likely to experience the use of force during encounters with the police.
3. Students of color face harsher punishments in school than their white peers, leading to a higher number of youth of color incarcerated. Black and Hispanic students represent more than 70 percent of those involved in school-related arrests or referrals to law enforcement. Currently, African Americans make up two-fifths and Hispanics one-fifth of confined youth today.
4. According to recent data by the Department of Education, African American students are arrested far more often than their white classmates. The data showed that 96,000 students were arrested and 242,000 referred to law enforcement by schools during the 2009-10 school year. Of those students, black and Hispanic students made up more than 70 percent of arrested or referred students. Harsh school punishments, from suspensions to arrests, have led to high numbers of youth of color coming into contact with the juvenile-justice system and at an earlier age.
２－３
5. African American youth have higher rates of juvenile incarceration and are more likely to be sentenced to adult prison. According to the Sentencing Project, even though African American juvenile youth are about 16 percent of the youth population, 37 percent of their cases are moved to criminal court and 58 percent of African American youth are sent to adult prisons.
6. As the number of women incarcerated has increased by 800 percent over the last three decades, women of color have been disproportionately represented. While the number of women incarcerated is relatively low, the racial and ethnic disparities are startling. African American women are three times more likely than white women to be incarcerated, while Hispanic women are 69 percent more likely than white women to be incarcerated.
7. The war on drugs has been waged primarily in communities of color where people of color are more likely to receive higher offenses. According to the Human Rights Watch, people of color are no more likely to use or sell illegal drugs than whites, but they have higher rate of arrests. African Americans comprise 14 percent of regular drug users but are 37 percent of those arrested for drug offenses. From 1980 to 2007 about one in three of the 25.4 million adults arrested for drugs was African American.
8. Once convicted, black offenders receive longer sentences compared to white offenders. The U.S. Sentencing Commission stated that in the federal system black offenders receive sentences that are 10 percent longer than white offenders for the same crimes. The Sentencing Project reports that African Americans are 21 percent more likely to receive mandatory-minimum sentences than white defendants and are 20 percent more like to be sentenced to prison.
9. Voter laws that prohibit people with felony convictions to vote disproportionately impact men of color. An estimated 5.3 million Americans are denied the right to vote based on a past felony conviction. Felony disenfranchisement is exaggerated by racial disparities in the criminal-justice system, ultimately denying 13 percent of African American men the right to vote. Felony-disenfranchisement policies have led to 11 states denying the right to vote to more than 10 percent of their African American population.
10. Studies have shown that people of color face disparities in wage trajectory following release from prison. Evidence shows that spending time in prison affects wage trajectories with a disproportionate impact on black men and women. The results show no evidence of racial divergence in wages prior to incarceration; however, following release from prison, wages grow at a 21 percent slower rate for black former inmates compared to white ex-convicts. A number of states have bans on people with certain convictions working in domestic health-service industries such as nursing, child care, and home health care—areas in which many poor women and women of color are disproportionately concentrated.
３－４
Theses racial disparities have deprived people of color of their most basic civil rights, making criminal-justice reform the civil rights issue of our time. Through mass imprisonment and the overrepresentation of individuals of color within the criminal justice and prison system, people of color have experienced an adverse impact on themselves and on their communities from barriers to reintegrating into society to engaging in the democratic process. Eliminating the racial disparities inherent to our nation’s criminal-justice policies and practices must be at the heart of a renewed, refocused, and reenergized movement for racial justice in America.
There have been a number of initiatives on the state and federal level to address the racial disparities in youth incarceration. Last summer Secretary of Education Arne Duncan announced the Schools Discipline Initiative to bring increased awareness of effective policies and practices to ultimately dismantle the school-to-prison pipeline. States like California and Massachusetts are considering legislation to address the disproportionate suspensions among students of color. And in Clayton County, Georgia, collaborative local reforms have resulted in a 47 percent reduction in juvenile-court referrals and a 51 percent decrease in juvenile felony rates. These initiatives could serve as models of success for lessening the disparities in incarceration rates.
Sophia Kerby is the Special Assistant for Progress 2050 at American Progress.
４－４
犯罪の統計をみると白人の黒人へ差別よりも、その逆黒人の白人への差別が浮かび上がってくる。ラリーエルダー氏。だいぶむかしにラッシュリンボーなる保守系のラジオ番組を聞いていた時になじんだ名前だ。その番組にゲストとして彼がよく出ていた。もうだいぶ昔なので忘れていたが、Twitterで彼を発見。記憶が蘇ってきた。彼はその当初から今も、アメリカの人種差別、特に黒人差別や黒人事情に詳しく、統計の数値でマスメディアの嘘やプロパガンダを指摘していた。彼のスタンスは今もまったく変わっていない。事実をもって発言することは、その後何十年たっても同じなので、自分の考えをその後かえることはまったく必要ないということを示している。そんなことは当然なのだが。
******
Larry Elder @larryelder
Jun 7
Interracial Violent Victimizations (Excluding Homicide) Between Blacks And Whites (2018)
Total: 593,598
Committed By Blacks Against Whites: 537,204 (approx. 90%)
Committed By Whites Against Blacks: 56,394 (less than 10%)
その様子は通行人の17歳の少女によって撮影されている。フロイド氏は「息ができない！ I can't breathe!」と何度も繰り返し、「あぁー！」と悶絶の叫び声を上げている。警官は顔色ひとつ変えない。通行人たちが警官を止めようと叫ぶが、警官は微動だにしない。やがて到着した救急救命士がフロイド氏をストレッチャーに乗せるが、その時点で既に脈はなかった。
①「ジョギング中に「怪しい」と射殺された黒人青年。」
February 23, 2020、Glynn County, ジョージア州で起きた事件ー当時25歳のAhmaud Arberyがライフル銃で射殺された事件。ジョギング中とはまったくの嘘。黒人青年が自宅からだいぶ離れた白人居住地区に行き、いろいろ周辺を物色している証拠のビデオがある。その時はジョギングなんかしていない。そして急に走り出す。靴はジョギング用ではない。もっとヘビーな靴でジョギングにまったく向かないやつらしい。その地域に盗難があったらしので市民は警戒している。その状況下「怪しい」不審者を発見。彼は犯罪歴ももつ。そのことから物色も考えられる。不審者として、住人が数人でライフルをもった車で追跡、捕まえようとした。走り去る黒人青年に止まるように叫んだが止まらない。彼の前に車を止めて、車から出て制しようとした。そのようすがすべてビデオに取られている。ところが黒人青年は飛びつきライフル銃をつかみ奪おうとして格闘になる。それをみていた別の白人が発砲した。彼が命令に素直に従っていたら、死ななくてよかったケース。それに関与した白人は全員逮捕されている。みな裁判をまっている段階である。
③「公園でオモチャの銃を持っていたために、問答無用で射殺された黒人の中学生」
November 22, 2014、オハイオ州のクリーブランドでの事件。「銃を無差別に通行人に向けている男」がいるという911の通報で車で駆け付けた二人の警察官の一人がその男を射殺。その男とは12歳のTamir Riceであった。警察官は発砲時には相手の年齢は把握していない。本物と思った拳銃は本物と瓜二つのオモチャであることが後で判明。拳銃を向けたら、年齢や人種にまったく関係なく警官は発泡する。その様子がビデオに取られている。これは常識。警官だって射殺される事件は枚挙にいとまがない。彼らの仕事は命がけなのである。警察官が容疑者を射殺するのは毎年千人程度の件数。容疑者も武装しているからだ。容疑者が無防備でも起こりえる。容疑者と格闘になり、警官の腰にある拳銃を奪おうとすることがままある。そういうことを含めて黒人が無防備で射殺される件数は9件。白人の容疑者のケースは件数がもっと多い。それをもってしても黒人差別と叫ぶのは見当違いである。前に言ったが現実は黒人同士での殺し合いが年間7000件という数値とその警察の9件を比べてどう思うか。黒人差別の警察官が黒人をターゲットに殺しまくっているという嘘をマスメディアがプロパガンダしているのは呆れるとしかいいようがない。アメリカ市民もそれに気付いている。トランプ政権が予想外に生れた背景がそこにある。
Dr. Martin Luther King's 1967 speech, "The Other America," given by Dr. King that year at Stanford University as well as at the University of Minnesota.
Dr. Martin Luther King "The Other America" speech excerpt
"…that America has been backlashing on the whole question of basic constitutional and God-given rights for Negroes and other disadvantaged groups for more than 300 years.
"So these conditions, existence of widespread poverty, slums, and of tragic conditions in schools and other areas of life, all of these things have brought about a great deal of despair, and a great deal of desperation. A great deal of disappointment and even bitterness in the Negro communities. And today, all of our cities confront huge problems. All of our cities are potentially powder kegs as a result of the continued existence of these conditions. Many in moments of anger, many in moments of deep bitterness, engage in riots.
"Let me say as I've always said, and I will always continue to say, that riots are socially destructive and self-defeating. I'm still convinced that nonviolence is the most potent weapon available to oppressed people in their struggle for freedom and justice. I feel that violence will only create more social problems than they will solve. That in a real sense it is impracticable for the Negro to even think of mounting a violent revolution in the United States. So I will continue to condemn riots, and continue to say to my brothers and sisters that this is not the way. And continue to affirm that there is another way.
"But at the same time, it is as necessary for me to be as vigorous in condemning the conditions which cause persons to feel that they must engage in riotous activities as it is for me to condemn riots. I think America must see that riots do not develop out of thin air. Certain conditions continue to exist in our society which must be condemned as vigorously as we condemn riots. But in the final analysis, a riot is the language of the unheard. And what is it that America has failed to hear? It has failed to hear that the plight of the Negro poor has worsened over the last few years. It has failed to hear that the promises of freedom and justice have not been met. And it has failed to hear that large segments of white society are more concerned about tranquility and the status quo than about justice, equality and humanity. And so in a real sense, our nation's summers of riots are caused by our nation's winters of delay. And as long as America postpones justice, we stand in the position of having these recurrences of violence and riots over and over again. Social justice and progress are the absolute guarantors of riot prevention."
２－２
USA Crime Statistics 2015
Blacks Killed by Whitesー2%
Blacks Killed by Policeー 1%
Whites Killed by Policeー 3%
Whites Killed by Whitesー 16%
Whites Killed by Blacksー 81%
Blacks killed by Blacksー 97%
*****
Trump Retweets Bogus Crime Graphic
By Robert Farley November 23, 2015 | Updated on November 24, 2015 https://www.factcheck.org/2015/11/trump-retweets-bogus-crime-graphic/
Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump retweeted a bogus graphic purporting to show the percentage of whites killed by blacks and other homicide data delineated by race. Almost every figure in the graphic is wrong, some of them dramatically so.
Trump’s Twitter account retweeted the graphic on Nov. 22 without any explanation. The image shows a man hidden behind a bandanna pointing a gun under the heading “USA Crime Statistics — 2015” and next to statistics that purport to show homicides by race.
We’re not going to speculate about how originators of the graphic may have twisted data to come up with incorrect figures, or what intent may have been behind those errors — though others have.
We’ll just provide some correct figures according to the latest data available on all homicides from the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s Uniform Crime Reports data, for 2014. The 2015 data won’t be released publicly until the fall of 2016.
In cases when the race of the perpetrator and victim were known, among the 3,021 white victims of murder in 2014, 2,488 of them were killed by white offenders, and 446 were killed by black offenders. Among the 2,451 black murder victims in 2014, 187 of them were killed by white offenders, and 2,205 were killed by black offenders. Here’s how the percentages work out:
⁂Whites killed by blacks: 14.8 percent.
⁂Whites killed by whites: 82.4 percent.
⁂Blacks killed by whites: 7.6 percent.
⁂Blacks killed by blacks: 90 percent.
⁂ FBI’s Criminal Justice：308 white felons killed by police officers in 2014, and 119 black felons.
⁂FBI homicide averages from 2010 to 2013 to the Washington Post：4 percent of all black homicide victims are killed by police, while 10 percent of all white homicide victims are killed by police.
⁂The Guardian：1,024 people have been killed by police in 2015 through Nov. 23. 509 white, 261 black, 164 Hispanic/Latino, 59 other/unknown, 18 Asian/Pacific Islander, 13 Native American.
⁂KilledByPolice.net：1,066 people in the U.S. were killed by police this year as of Nov. 23. The site counts 280 black people killed by police this year compared with 437 white people.
⁂Washington Post：a tally that stood at 878 this year as of the date of this posting. 417 were white and 224 were black. The site also tracks those who were black and unarmed — 30 so far this year.
―――――
１－２
As those figures show, the graphic’s claims about “whites killed by blacks” and “whites killed by whites” aren’t just a little off — they are grossly inaccurate. The data from 2013 is nearly identical, so none of the 2014 figures is a one-year anomaly.
The 2015 data won’t be released publicly until the fall of 2016, a spokesman for the FBI’s Criminal Justice Information Services Division told us.
As for the statistics “blacks killed by police — 1%” and “whites killed by police — 3%,” we’re not sure where those figures come from or what they are supposed to represent. According to our analysis of FBI data on justifiable homicide, there were 308 white felons killed by police officers in 2014, and 119 black felons. And again, the FBI does not have 2015 data available, as the graphic retweeted by Trump purports to show. (State and local law enforcement agencies voluntarily provide the FBI with crime data.)
The Guardian has been keeping a running tally in 2015 of people killed by police, through its “The Counted” project. According to the Guardian, 1,024 people have been killed by police in 2015 through Nov. 23. This is the racial breakdown: 509 white, 261 black, 164 Hispanic/Latino, 59 other/unknown, 18 Asian/Pacific Islander, 13 Native American.
Another site, KilledByPolice.net tracks people killed by U.S. law enforcement officers. According to its tally, 1,066 people in the U.S. were killed by police this year as of Nov. 23. The site does not list race for many of those people, but among the ones it does, the site counts 280 black people killed by police this year compared with 437 white people.
And finally, the Washington Post tracks people killed by police officers, a tally that stood at 878 this year as of the date of this posting. Of them, 417 were white and 224 were black. The site also tracks those who were black and unarmed — 30 so far this year.
Peter Moskos, an associate professor in the Department of Law, Police Science, and Criminal Justice Administration at John Jay College of Criminal Justice, applied FBI homicide averages from 2010 to 2013 to the Washington Post data to estimate that 4 percent of all black homicide victims are killed by police, while 10 percent of all white homicide victims are killed by police. It is, he allowed, a rough estimate. Moskos said those figures are shocking, “but not quite right” because of the different ways that agencies report the Hispanic label.
We reached out to the Trump campaign for backup for the figures cited in the graphic. The source listed on the graphic itself is “Crime Statistics Bureau — San Francisco,” a nonexistent agency, as far as we can tell. (Moskos said there is no such thing.) We also asked for the origin of the graphic. If we hear back, we’ll update this piece.
Last month, a Trump retweet caused a bit of a stir after someone with access to his account retweeted a message to explain a dip in the polls that said of Iowans. “Too much Monsanto in the corn creates issues in the brain,” it said. Trump later tweeted that the intern who “accidentally” sent the message “apologizes.” No word yet on whether Trump — who boasts that he does a lot of the tweets personally — is responsible for retweeting the bogus crime graphic.
２－２
アメリカで過去から現在、政治的・社会的に何が起こっているか？今デモや暴動のスローガンBlack Lives Matter(BLM)の意味とは？凡人が今まで書きためていたことをデータを出して補強している。メディアを鵜吞みにしているたくさんの人を見かけるが、アメリカを詳しく正しく知りたい人にお勧め。これを知らないでアメリカ通にはなれない。笑。なおアメリカの政治は実質2党制システム。共和党と民主党。保守派と革新（リベラル）派とに分かれる。でもそれは大雑把で、思想的にはかなり幅が広い。保守派といってもキリスト教色が強い議員もいれば、そうでない者もいる。中立的な保守派もいる。革新派も保守派に近い人もいれば、左翼的な人物もいる。この記事で問題になっているのはFar Left（超革新/左翼的・反アメリカ的議員）たとえば一例だが、黒人民主党議員Maxine Moore Waters（California's 43rd congressional district）はかなり過激。BLMを支持し、黒人差別の名のもとに暴動に同情的な立場だ。2党制は国民投票の大統領選と同様に民主主義を機能させるための妥協的産物で、必要不可欠にみえる。つまり政権の交代が可能になる。日本のように腐敗政治が蔓延しても、自由民主党に政権の長期独占を許すのも、野党が烏合（バカ）の衆でしかなく、英知の欠如からであろう。
******
Nolte: Overwhelming Evidence Exposes Democrat Party’s Ongoing Systemic Racism
Dustin Chambers/Getty ImagesDustin Chambers/Getty Images
JOHN NOLTE15 Jun 2020
Facts: America is accused of racism, of holding racial minorities back by way of system-wide white supremacism, and yet Jews, black Nigerians, Indian Americans (from India), and Asians are more successful in America than whites, and their respective imprison rates are lower than whites.
How is it possible in a country that we’re told is riddled with the cancer of white supremacism for those four groups to enjoy a higher standard of living and more success than their all-powerful, white oppressors?
The asking of the question answers the question.
⁂Facts…
*Police shootings of unarmed people (including blacks) have dropped dramatically over the past few years.
*Black and white deaths at the hands of police officers are almost perfectly representative of the country’s racial make-up involving police interactions.
*The black imprisonment rate has been dramatically shrinking since 2006.
*Black and whites are equally satisfied with their local police.
*The black unemployment rate just hit record lows.
*President Trump just signed long overdue criminal justice reform.
*Every single American — white and black — was appalled by what happened to George Floyd and wants to see his family receive justice.
１－４
⁂Facts…
Below are the most controversial deaths of black Americans at the hands of police officers going back a full three years — plus those going back further that became national stories. I’m not here to question whether or not the police acted appropriately in each case. It is enough that they are controversial.
Below is the name of the victim, the city/state where the death occurred, and the political party in charge of the police at the time…
Rayshard Brooks – Atlanta, GA – Democrat
George Floyd – Minneapolis, MN – Democrat
Breonna Taylor – Louisville, KY – Democrat
Manuel Ellis – Tacoma, WA – Democrat
Atatiana Jefferson – Fort Worth, TX – Republican
Javier Ambler – Austin, TX – Democrat
Tony McDade – Tallahassee, FL – Democrat
Dion Johnson – Phoenix, AZ – Democrat
Jemel Roberson – Chicago, IL – Democrat
Botham Jean – Dallas, TX – Democrat
Stephon Clark – Sacramento, CA – Democrat
Jordan Edwards – Dallas, TX – Democrat
Eric Garner – NY, NY – Democrat
Laquan McDonald – Chicago, IL – Democrat
John Crawford, Beavercreek, OH – Republican
Freddie Gray – Baltimore, MD – Democrat
Out of those 16 names, 14 happened in cities or towns where a Democrat is in charge of the police department.
No one is stopping any of those cities from instituting police reforms … other than the Democrats who refuse to institute police reforms.
⁂Facts…
Have you noticed that during this three-week Woke Purge that those in powerful positions who are getting fired or canceled for some sort of discrimination hail from far-left institutions like the corporate media and Hollywood…?
*Meghan Markle’s BFF Jessica Mulroney
*ABC News Exec Barbara Fedida
*Feminist businesswoman Audrey Gelman
*Left-wing editor of Man Repeller Leandra Medine Cohen
*Super-Woke CBC Host Wendy Melsey
*Super-Woke Vanderpump Rules Reality Show Stars Stassi Schroeder, Kristen Doute, Max *Boyens, and Brett Caprioni
*Bon Appetit Editor-in-Chief Adam Rapoport
*Refinery29 Top Editor Christene Barberich
*The Flash co-star Hartley Sawyer
*Editorial Page Editor of The New York Times James Bennet
*Philadelphia Inquirer Executive Editor Stan Wischnowski
*Second City CEO Andrew Alexander
*TV writer for NBC’s Law & Order: Organized Crime Craig Gore
２－４
Every not so funny joke. Every unfair stereotype. Every blatant injustice, no matter how big or small. Every time I remained silent… I take responsibility.
With that in mind, let me share something with you…
I’m a white guy who lives in the rural South. We moved here from Los Angeles in 2011, and over the last nine years, I have heard exactly one off-color racial remark. One. Some guy suggested I name my black dog “Obama.” That’s it. Over nine years as a white guy living in the South, that’s it. I didn’t lecture the guy. I didn’t get in his face. But my immediate reaction, which I didn’t even have time to think about, made it clear I didn’t care for the remark. He responded with a quick “sorry,” and nothing of the kind was ever said again over the two or three times I had to deal with him after that.
So, let me ask you… What the hell is going on in left-wing Hollywood where a pile of white actors are so ravaged by guilt they feel compelled to apologize for all the times they remained silent, every time they tolerated a racist joke or act of discrimination?
I’ll tell you what the hell is going on in left-wing Hollywood…
No, seriously, click on that link. Read it, and then sit back and ponder just how racist Hollywood must be where over 18 years and 14 seasons not one black man or woman was picked to star as ABC/Disney’s bachelor or bachelorette.
Think about how blatantly racist things are in Hollywood, things are at ABC/Disney, where it took nearly two decades in 21st century America for the studio to choose a black bachelor or bachelorette.
⁂Facts…
All these cities where black Americans are gunned down, where blacks claim they live under systemic racism… All of them are run by Democrats — all of them — and in most cases, have been for generations: Chicago, Minneapolis, Baltimore. St. Louis, Oakland, Los Angeles, New York, Dallas, Austin, Charlotte, Atlanta, Detroit, New Orleans, Flint, Memphis, Birmingham… and on and on and on…
Democrats, Democrats, Democrats, Democrats…
⁂Facts…
This lunacy about defunding the police embraced by Democrats, left-wing celebrities, and left-wing media elites will ravage black America in a way so disproportionate to the rest of the country, it will make your head spin.
My heart breaks for the urban blight and the death toll that always comes with it.
⁂Facts…
The failing public schools, especially in urban areas, are run exclusively by Democrats, and it is Democrats who fight the hardest to ensure there are no reforms… No school choice, no vouchers, no charter schools, no hope…
３－４
⁂Facts…
The looting and burning, the destruction over the past few weeks that has been encouraged and excused by the left-wing media, left-wing celebrities, and Democrats, is almost exclusively occurring in predominantly back neighborhoods.
White media elites, white celebrities, and white Democrats are openly encouraging marauders of every color to destroy black neighborhoods and are couching this evil as virtue.
⁂Facts…
No one can express the following more eloquently than a black Berkeley professor who must remain anonymous in order to protect his/her job: [emphasis added]
The vast majority of violence visited on the black community is committed by black people. There are virtually no marches for these invisible victims, no public silences, no heartfelt letters from the UC regents, deans, and departmental heads. The message is clear: Black lives only matter when whites take them. Black violence is expected and insoluble, while white violence requires explanation and demands solution. Please look into your hearts and see how monstrously bigoted this formulation truly is.
The ever-present soft bigotry of low expectations and the permanent claim that the solutions to the plight of my people rest exclusively on the goodwill of whites rather than on our own hard work is psychologically devastating. No other group in America is systematically demoralized in this way by its alleged allies. A whole generation of black children are being taught that only by begging and weeping and screaming will they get handouts from guilt-ridden whites. No message will more surely devastate their futures, especially if whites run out of guilt, or indeed if America runs out of whites.
If this had been done to Japanese Americans, or Jewish Americans, or Chinese Americans, then Chinatown and Japantown would surely be no different to the roughest parts of Baltimore and East St. Louis today. The History department of UCB is now an integral institutional promulgator of a destructive and denigrating fallacy about the black race.
Democrats, the media, Hollywood, and the organized left have made it their mission to devastate black America… To keep blacks poor, angry, frustrated, and bitter — even as other minority groups somehow flourish under all this “systemic oppression.”
Follow John Nolte on Twitter @NolteNC. Follow his Facebook Page here.
４－４
UCバークレイ大学・歴史学教授（黒人）のオピニオン。何故反BLM(Black Lives Matter)なのか。彼の意見も凡人とまったく同じ。この記事にあるように、サンフランシスコ市ではアジア（中国）系の住人が黒人犯罪者の餌食、それが頂点に達しているらしい。初耳であるが、そういう犯罪はどこも似たり寄ったり。だから中国人に限らず、白人や日本人やその他の人種だってみな黒人を警戒している。それをだ、黒人差別だ、黒人の命は大切だなんだとほざいてデモやしまいには暴動し、略奪三昧している光景をビデオで見るたびに呆れて物も言えない。余談だがロスだったらヒスパニックのギャングにも注意。ガンポイントでの強盗を数人の被害者から聴いている。
******
UC Berkeley History Professor’s Open Letter Against BLM, Police Brutality And Cultural Orthodoxy
BY CLOVERCHRONICLE ON JUNE 11, 2020
The following letter was allegedly written by a UC Berkeley history professor and shared among his or her colleagues anonymously (source / archive link):
Dear profs X, Y, Z
I am one of your colleagues at the University of California, Berkeley. I have met you both personally but do not know you closely, and am contacting you anonymously, with apologies. I am worried that writing this email publicly might lead to me losing my job, and likely all future jobs in my field.
In your recent departmental emails you mentioned our pledge to diversity, but I am increasingly alarmed by the absence of diversity of opinion on the topic of the recent protests and our community response to them.
In the extended links and resources you provided, I could not find a single instance of substantial counter-argument or alternative narrative to explain the under-representation of black individuals in academia or their over-representation in the criminal justice system. The explanation provided in your documentation, to the near exclusion of all others, is univariate: the problems of the black community are caused by whites, or, when whites are not physically present, by the infiltration of white supremacy and white systemic racism into American brains, souls, and institutions.
Many cogent objections to this thesis have been raised by sober voices, including from within the black community itself, such as Thomas Sowell and Wilfred Reilly. These people are not racists or ‘Uncle Toms’. They are intelligent scholars who reject a narrative that strips black people of agency and systematically externalizes the problems of the black community onto outsiders. Their view is entirely absent from the departmental and UCB-wide communiques.
The claim that the difficulties that the black community faces are entirely causally explained by exogenous factors in the form of white systemic racism, white supremacy, and other forms of white discrimination remains a problematic hypothesis that should be vigorously challenged by historians. Instead, it is being treated as an axiomatic and actionable truth without serious consideration of its profound flaws, or its worrying implication of total black impotence. This hypothesis is transforming our institution and our culture, without any space for dissent outside of a tightly policed, narrow discourse.
１－４
