The Decline of the U.S. Labor Share https://www.frbsf.org/economic-research/files/wp2013-27.pdf
Elsby, Michael W L, Bart Hobijn, and Aysegul Sahin, (2013) "The Decline of the U.S. Labor Share," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, No. Fall.
Over the past quarter century, labor’s share of income in the United States has trended downwards, reaching its lowest level in the postwar period after the Great Recession(大恐慌後の戦後期[こんな言い方あるのか?!]で最も低い水準に達した). Detailed examination of the magnitude, determinants and implications of this decline delivers five conclusions(この減少の大きさ，決定要因及び含意を詳細に調べることに拠って５つの結論を得た). First, around one third of the decline in the published labor share(公表された労働シェアの減少の１／３が) is an artifact(人工物) of a progressive(進歩的な→漸進的な) understatement(控えめな表現) of the labor income of the self-employed underlying the headline measure(自営業の基礎にある大見出しの計測器の労働収入？？). Second, movements in labor’s share are not a feature solely of recent U.S. history(最近のＵＳ史のみの特徴では無い): The relative stability of the aggregate labor share prior to the 1980s(1980年代より前の比較的安定した総動労シェア) in fact veiled substantial(実態のある→しっかりした), though offsetting(offset:埋め合わせる・相殺するもの),movements in labor shares within industries(産業内の確固たるしかし相殺的な動きで実際には隠されていた). By contrast, the recent decline has been dominated by trade and manufacturing sectors. Third, U.S. data provide limited support for neoclassical explanations based on the substitution of capital for (unskilled) labor to exploit(利用する・搾り取る) technical change embodied in new capital goods(新しい資本に体化された技術進歩を利用する為の(非熟練)労働の資本への代替という新古典派に基づいた説明に対するサポートは限定的である). Fourth, institutional explanations based on the decline in unionization(労働組合組織率の低下に基づいた組織論的説明) also receive weak support. Finally, we provide evidence that highlights the offshoring of the labor-intensive component of the U.S. supply chain(アメリカのサプライチェーンの労働集約的な構成要素の海外移転) as a leading potential explanation of the decline in the U.S. labor shareover the past 25 years.
本文より
The headline measure published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) (BLSより公表されたheadline measure代表的尺度？？) historically fluctuated around a mean of close to 64 percent from the immediate postwar period to the mid-1980s.
Thereafter, aside from a brief surge(急上昇・サージ電流は雷等に拠る電流急上昇) surrounding the tech bubble at the turn of the21st century(21世紀の変わり目の), this measure has displayed a downward trend, averaging around 58 percent in recent years, 6 percentage points below the level that prevailed during the first four decades of the postwar period.
…
