〇英語&直訳
・the sword of Damocles ダモクレスが玉座に吊るした剣のこと
・Pyrrhic victory wiki「ピュロスの勝利」要参照
・a wet blanket 火事の時被せる濡れ毛布
・to beard the lion in his den 洞穴の中のライオンのヒゲを掴む
〇英語の説明と例文
TODAY’S IDIOM
the sword of Damocles-any imminent danger (a king seated one of his subjects
underneath a sword that was hanging by a hair, in order to teach him the dangers a
king faces)
Although the president of the company seemed quite secure, he always complained that
there was a sword of Damocles hanging over his head.
TODAY’S IDIOM
Pyrrhic victory-a too costly victory (King Pyrrhus defeated the Romans but his
losses were extremely heavy)
In heavy fighting the troops managed to recapture the hill, but it could only be
considered a Pyrrhic victory.
TODAY’S IDIOM
a wet blanket-one who spoils the fun
Everyone wanted the party to go on, but Ronnie, the wet blanket, decided to go home to
bed.
TODAY’S IDIOM
to beard the lion in his den-to visit and oppose a person on his own grounds
Having decided to beard the lion, I stormed into the manager ’s office to ask for a raise.
NEW WORDS
loathe
loath to go 《be 〜》〈文〉行くのがいやだ
loath to negotiate on 《be 〜》〜の交渉をするのを嫌がる
loathe one's job 〈文〉自分の仕事をひどく嫌う
loathe violence 暴力をひどく嫌う
develop a loathing for 〜に強い嫌悪感を抱く
reprimand
reprimand someone for his dirty mouth （人）の下品な言葉遣いを叱りつける
oral reprimand 口頭による叱責［戒告］
caustic
caustic critic 辛辣な批評家
Strong alkalis are called caustic because they burn the skin. : 強力なアルカリは皮膚に焼けどを負わすので苛性と呼ばれる。
wrest
wrest 〜 from someone's grip （人）の手に握られていた〜をもぎ取る
wrest a concession from 〜から譲歩を引き出す
wrest a living from 苦労して〜で生計を立てる
TODAY’S IDIOM
crocodile tears-insincere tears
(crocodiles were said to cry while eating their prey)
When the football player broke his leg, his substitute wept crocodile tears.
NEW WORDS
infamous
infamous blarney くだらないたわ言
The movie had made an infamous name for itself in film history.
その映画は映画史に汚名を残した。
He is a handsome movie star and infamous for having affairs.
彼は二枚目映画俳優で、いろいろ浮き名を流していることでも有名です。
jostle
jostle each other 押し合いへし合いする
jostle each other over 〜について互いにいがみ合う［角を突き合わせる］
jostle with someone for position 地位を得ようと（人）としのぎを削る
jostled in the crowds of people 《be 〜》人波にもまれる
dupe
duped by false advertising 《be 〜》虚偽［間違った］広告にだまされる
duped into paying hefty fees 《be 〜》だまされてとんでもない金額を支払うこととなる
She duped him into marriage by pretending she was pregnant. : 彼女は妊娠を装って彼をだまし、結婚に持ち込んだ。
incipient
incipient incipient light of day 曙光、夜明けの光
defuse the incipient uprising 暴動の芽を摘み取る
TODAY’S IDIOM
to carry the day-to win the approval of the majority
The secretary’s motion that we adjourn for lunch carried the day, and we headed for the
restaurant
ominous
Ominous clouds began to overcast the sky
不気味な雲が空を覆い始めた
ominous atmosphere
不吉な雰囲気、不気味な［おどろおどろしい］ムード
tremulous
have timid ［tremulous, cowardly, timorous, craven, trepid］ eyes 臆病な眼をする
repudiate
I repudiated my son, refusing to ever see him again.
息子を勘当し、今後二度と顔を見たくないと言った。
repudiate one's testimony 証言を撤回する
bristle
bristle at 〜にいら立つ［怒る］
・The colonists bristled at Britain's heavy levies on sugar, wine or tea. : 植民地時代のアメリカ人はイギリスの砂糖やワイン、お茶などに対する重い課税に腹を立てていた。
bristle at any attempt to brand 〜の汚名を着せられようとしていることにいら立つ
bristle crossly 不機嫌に怒鳴る
TODAY’S IDIOM
Skid Row-disreputable part of town, inhabited by derelicts and people “on the
skid”
The presence of so many bars has turned our neighborhood into another Skid Row.
NEW WORDS
euphemism
A euphemism is a softer way of saying something that may offend someone.
婉曲表現とは、人の気に障りそうなことを言う場合の控えめな言い方だ。
You can use euphemisms like bathroom when referring to the toilet in English.
英語でトイレのことを言う場合は、バスルームなどの遠回しな言葉を使うとよい。
mundane
mundane affairs俗事
mundane detail日常のさまつなこと
mundane interests 世俗的な利益
incongruous
Incongruousness goes unmentioned. 不条理がまかり通る。
His speech was incongruous with his usual actions. 彼の演説は、普段の行いと矛盾していた。
condolence
I'd like to offer my deepest condolences. ; Please accept my sincerest condolence
心よりお悔やみ申し上げます
condolence holiday
忌引休暇
stipulate
stipulate fundamental principles of 〜
〜の基本原則を明記する
Well I guess it's now or never. Most of the ads stipulate "under 30."
転職するなら今のうちだな。求人広告を見てると「30歳まで」というのが多いからな。
TODAY’S IDIOM
to go up in smoke-to come to no practical result
(kindling smokes but it will not light a fire)
The mayor ’s plans to get the gubernatorial nomination went up in smoke when he
couldn’t end the costly strike.
loathe
loath to go 《be 〜》〈文〉行くのがいやだ
loath to negotiate on 《be 〜》〜の交渉をするのを嫌がる
loathe one's job 〈文〉自分の仕事をひどく嫌う
loathe violence 暴力をひどく嫌う
develop a loathing for 〜に強い嫌悪感を抱く
reprimand
reprimand someone for his dirty mouth （人）の下品な言葉遣いを叱りつける
oral reprimand 口頭による叱責［戒告］
lackluster
lackluster advertising パッとしない広告
lackluster eye どんよりした目
caustic
caustic critic 辛辣な批評家
Strong alkalis are called caustic because they burn the skin. : 強力なアルカリは皮膚に焼けどを負わすので苛性と呼ばれる。
wrest
wrest 〜 from someone's grip （人）の手に握られていた〜をもぎ取る
wrest a concession from 〜から譲歩を引き出す
wrest a living from 苦労して〜で生計を立てる
infamous
infamous blarney くだらないたわ言
The movie had made an infamous name for itself in film history.
その映画は映画史に汚名を残した。
He is a handsome movie star and infamous for having affairs.
彼は二枚目映画俳優で、いろいろ浮き名を流していることでも有名です。
jostle
jostle each other 押し合いへし合いする
jostle each other over 〜について互いにいがみ合う［角を突き合わせる］
jostle with someone for position 地位を得ようと（人）としのぎを削る
jostled in the crowds of people 《be 〜》人波にもまれる
dupe
duped by false advertising 《be 〜》虚偽［間違った］広告にだまされる
duped into paying hefty fees 《be 〜》だまされてとんでもない金額を支払うこととなる
She duped him into marriage by pretending she was pregnant. : 彼女は妊娠を装って彼をだまし、結婚に持ち込んだ。
incipient
incipient incipient light of day 曙光、夜明けの光
defuse the incipient uprising 暴動の芽を摘み取る
inadvertent
inadvertent error 故意ではない誤り
inadvertent administration 不用意な投与
inadvertently talk about 〜のことをうっかりしゃべってしまう
inadvertently throw ~ away うっかりして〜を捨ててしまう
ominous
Ominous clouds began to overcast the sky
不気味な雲が空を覆い始めた
ominous atmosphere
不吉な雰囲気、不気味な［おどろおどろしい］ムード
tremulous
have timid ［tremulous, cowardly, timorous, craven, trepid］ eyes 臆病な眼をする
repudiate
I repudiated my son, refusing to ever see him again.
息子を勘当し、今後二度と顔を見たくないと言った。
repudiate one's testimony 証言を撤回する
bristle
bristle at 〜にいら立つ［怒る］
・The colonists bristled at Britain's heavy levies on sugar, wine or tea. : 植民地時代のアメリカ人はイギリスの砂糖やワイン、お茶などに対する重い課税に腹を立てていた。
bristle at any attempt to brand 〜の汚名を着せられようとしていることにいら立つ
bristle crossly 不機嫌に怒鳴る
euphemism
A euphemism is a softer way of saying something that may offend someone.
婉曲表現とは、人の気に障りそうなことを言う場合の控えめな言い方だ。
You can use euphemisms like bathroom when referring to the toilet in English.
英語でトイレのことを言う場合は、バスルームなどの遠回しな言葉を使うとよい。
mundane
mundane affairs俗事
mundane detail日常のさまつなこと
mundane interests 世俗的な利益
incongruous
Incongruousness goes unmentioned. 不条理がまかり通る。
His speech was incongruous with his usual actions. 彼の演説は、普段の行いと矛盾していた。
condolence
I'd like to offer my deepest condolences. ; Please accept my sincerest condolence
心よりお悔やみ申し上げます
condolence holiday
忌引休暇
stipulate
stipulate fundamental principles of 〜
〜の基本原則を明記する
Well I guess it's now or never. Most of the ads stipulate "under 30."
転職するなら今のうちだな。求人広告を見てると「30歳まで」というのが多いからな。
〇英語&訳
crocodile tears見せかけの涙
to carry the day戦いに勝つ
Skid Rowどや街
to go up in smokeうやむやになる
〇英語での説明と例文
TODAY’S IDIOM
crocodile tears-insincere tears
(crocodiles were said to cry while eating their prey)
When the football player broke his leg, his substitute wept crocodile tears.
TODAY’S IDIOM
to carry the day-to win the approval of the majority
The secretary’s motion that we adjourn for lunch carried the day, and we headed for the
restaurant
TODAY’S IDIOM
Skid Row-disreputable part of town, inhabited by derelicts and people “on the
skid”
The presence of so many bars has turned our neighborhood into another Skid Row.
TODAY’S IDIOM
to go up in smoke-to come to no practical result
(kindling smokes but it will not light a fire)
The mayor ’s plans to get the gubernatorial nomination went up in smoke when he
couldn’t end the costly strike.
W4d1
NEW WORDS
alacrity
with alacrity いそいそと、てきぱきと、即座に、敏速に、盛大に
accept with alacrity すぐさま応じる［受け入れる］
disdain
disdain bordering on contempt 侮辱に近い軽蔑の念
disdain for human rights 人権の軽視
belligerent
belligerent attitude 《a 〜》けんか腰の態度
cast belligerent eyes at 好戦［攻撃］的な目を〜に向ける
intimidate
intimidate one's opponent by glaring at him敵をにらみ付けて脅かす
intimidate an employee 従業員を恫喝する
feint
make a feint けん制する、素っ気ないふりをする
by way of feint けん制として
TODAY’S IDIOM
to throw down the gauntlet-to challenge someone
(when the gauntlet, or medieval glove, was thrown down, the challenged one was
required to pick it up)
The principal of our rival school threw down the gauntlet, and we had no choice but to
accept the challenge.
W4d2
NEW WORDS
pugnacious
pugnacious eye 好戦的な目
put a pugnacious expression on one's face 好戦的な表情を浮かべる
promulgate
promulgate a law 法律を公布する
promulgate an understanding of 〜に対する理解を広める
brash
brash self-confidence 自信過剰
display a brash attitude 生意気な態度を示す
scoff
scoff at a rumor about 〜についての噂を一蹴する
tax scofflaw 脱税者、税金をごまかしている者
belittle
The angry coach belittled his players, but later regretted it.
腹を立てたコーチは選手たちをけなしたが、後でそれを後悔しました。
belittle someone's feeling （人）の気持ちを軽んじる
TODAY’S IDIOM
feeling no pain-drunk
Although the party had just begun,after his first drink he was feeling no pain.
tangible
tangible and intangible pressure 有形無形のプレッシャー
tangible contribution 目に見える貢献
laceration
laceration of a blood vessel 血管裂傷
self-laceration 【名】自らを傷つけること
castigate
castigated by the world 《be 〜》世界から厳しい批判［非難］を受ける［浴びる］
sordid
sordid affair 惨めな情事、卑しむべき事件
sordid and unpleasant activity 《a 〜》下劣で不愉快な行動
octogenarian
octogenarian grandparent 80代の祖父
TODAY’S IDIOM
Hobson’s choice-to have no choice at all (Mr. Hobson owned a livery stable but he
did not allow the customers to pick their own horses)
Despite all the talk about democracy in my family, my father usually gives the rest of us
Hobson’s choice.
solace
They found solace there in the backcountry.彼らはその田舎で慰めを見つけた［安堵を感じた］。
draw solace from 〜に慰めを得る、〜に慰められる
aspirant
presidential aspirant 大統領への意欲を持つ人
Every famous artist was once an aspirant beginner.
どの有名な芸術家も皆、かつては大望を抱いた初心者でした。
welcome aspirants to cooperate with someone in 〜することに（人）に協力してくれる志願者を歓迎する
young aspirants for fame 有名になりたいと願う若者たち、名声を追い求める若者たち
dregs
dregs of coffee コーヒーの残りかす
drain to the dregs 〜を飲み尽くす
frenzy
frenzy of activity 慌ただしさ
frenzy of hatred 狂ったように激しい憎しみ
buying frenzy 購買熱
scurrilous
scurrilous spoof 下品なパロディー
make a scurrilous attack on 〜を口汚く罵る
TODAY’S IDIOM
to rule the roost-to be in charge, to be master
(a roost is a perch where domestic birds can sleep)
Although he is a lowly private in the army, at home he rules the roost.
