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It has been shown that the single-bit operations and the controlled-NOT operation are sufficient to implement optional algorithms on a quantum computer.
And, ‘quantum computers can be regarded as programmable quantum interferometers’ .
First, the initial state is prepared in a superposition of the possible inputted states with the Hadamard gate ( 2 ), and then, the computation evolves in parallel along all possible paths, e-volutions along those paths interfere constructively towards the desired output state.
This intrinsic parallelism in the e-volution of quantum systems allows us to realize an exponentially more efficient way for performing computations.
