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744アクエリアン:2018/07/09(月) 20:15:10
終末と救済の幻想―オウム真理教とは何か28

In the original report of the vision, the god who manifested himself was nameless, but in later versions of it Asahara identified the god as Shiva, the Hindu deity who by then had become his ultimate spiritual authority (or his guru, as he sometimes put it). It was somewhat odd for Asahara to invoke a Hindu god in the creation of an essentially Buddhist group, even if the esoteric Buddhism he drew upon stayed close to its Hindu roots. His choice of Shiva (as opposed to Vishnu or Brahma, the other great Hindu gods) probably had two important determinants. First, Shiva is specifically identified as the god of yoga. Second, while all Hindu gods have destructive as well as beneficent tendencies, Shiva is specifically associated with salvation through world destruction. Asahara was later to claim that Aum Shinrikyō emerged directly from this vision, but he was rewriting history a bit since he had formed Aum Shinsen no Kai the previous year. In 1987, two years after his vision, he renamed the group Aum Shinrikyō, the Shinrikyō meaning “teaching of the supreme truth.” Very likely the change reflected his desire for a name that was less obscure, more accessible, and more absolute.

The context in which Asahara placed the vision set the tone for what could be called Aum’s New Age Buddhism. Aum did not employ traditional Japanese Buddhist terms, which originated in China and are expressed in Chinese characters, but instead used early Buddhist terms from Sanskrit, Tibetan, and Pali and expressed them in katakana, a Japanese phonetic system employed for retained foreign words. These terms were combined with American New Age ones like empowerment (rendered in katakana as empawahmento). This application of a New Age sensibility to ancient Buddhist and Hindu mysticism was to have great appeal for many young people.


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